Future revision of the scale may modify some items of EFUI to improve its internal reliability. It is thought that the school principals were responsible for students during the school time, and their informed consent would be enough on behalf of junior middle school students for the school-based study. A panel consisting of a behavioral scientist, two psychologists and an epidemiologist held several meetings and eliminated the overlapping items while combining others with similar meanings. Considering the dramatically increasing prevalence of social networking use among adolescents (90% prevalence in our sample), the development of the SNAIS would facilitate the progression of related studies investigating the effects of social networking use on psychosocial well-being among adolescents. Firstly, data was acquired by self-reporting collection method, reporting bias might exist although the study was highly anonymous. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12, 1143-1168. Discussion is warranted for some findings. [3,4] Furthermore, previous studies conducted in China have reported prevalence of Internet addiction ranging from 2.4% to 22.9% among adolescents. We found acceptable internal and test-retest reliability of SNAIS. Secondly, participants were conveniently recruited from only two junior middle schools in one city (i.e. The Multidimensional Facebook Intensity Scale (MFIS) assesses different levels of Despite its prolific use, the scale has been criticized by, among here. The present study aims to develop the Social Networking Activity Intensity Scale (SNAIS) and validate it among junior middle school students in China. To gauge the impact of online social networking use among adolescents, it is warranted to develop validated instruments to assess online social networking use intensity (SNUI). For instance, the Facebook Intensity Scale, [17] a commonly used instrument, [8,9,20] assesses the extent of one’s emotional connection to Facebook and integration between its use and one’s daily life. The survey was conducted in October of 2013 in Guangzhou, the capital city of Guangdong province located in southern China. Therefore, raw data will be made available upon request and approval of the schools’ principals and the investigators. Despite the ubiquity of social media use and growth of research in the area, few studies have examined the relationship between various types of social media use, sense of belonging and psychological wellbeing, while controlling potentially influential variables. 3.1.8. The present study developed a scale of online social media use that measures the integration of the social behavior and daily routines of users, along with … Copyright: © 2016 Li et al. Citation: Li J, Lau JTF, Mo PKH, Su X, Wu AMS, Tang J, et al. New scale has been developed to measure the time use on the SNSs.The scale has good psychometric properties.The scale is very simple to use and administer. It is warranted to develop a more comprehensive tool to assess intensity of online social networking use, considering various types of online social networking activities, functions and platforms. Furthermore, the specific entertainment functions included in the subscale (e.g. All students understood the items well and found the questions not difficult to answer. Book; Search. In the present study, the word “Facebook” was replaced by “online social networking” for … The scale includes nine items corresponding to the nine diagnostic criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder according to the Appendix of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , 5th ed. Furthermore, it only assesses attitudes towards Facebook but no other social networking platforms, while the majority of adolescents use multiple types of social media. 1. Online social networking, as a new phenomenon, allows users to create individual public profiles and share information about himself/herself with a large number of people. Several such scales exist but they have some serious limitations. Media influence and body image in 8-11-year-old boys and girls: A preliminary report on the multidimensional media influence scale. this measure indicate a higher risk for disordered eating. School consent and permission for the in-school survey was approved by school principals before the survey. Participants who provided five or more “yes” answers were classified as an Internet addiction case. We suggest both subscales to be used together in the future, as nowadays social interactions and entertainment are not mutually exclusive. Therefore, no significant ceiling or floor effects were observed for the SNAIS and its two subscales. Excessive use of new technologies appears to be potentially addictive for a minority of young people. We followed the study design of a number of published papers involving validation of scales among students [40–42], which have smaller sample sizes as compared to our study. No, Is the Subject Area "Facebook" applicable to this article? In this work, we curate a large-scale dataset that con-nects popularity in one social media platform { 81.9 million YouTube videos { to discussions about each of these digital items in an external platform, in 1.06 billion tweets. The population size of the city was about 12.8 million (2012). Researchers have attempted to establish measures for the intensity of social media use in order to determine the levels of integration of SNS in users‘ lives. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165695.t001. Study Shows that Intensity of Facebook Use Can Be Predicted by Reward-related Activity in the Brain Neuroscientists at Freie Universität Berlin show a link between reward activity in the brain due to discovering one has a good reputation and social media use № 243/2013 from Aug 28, 2013. As expected, the SNAIS and its subscale scores were correlated significantly with emotional connection to social networking, social networking addiction, Internet addiction, and characteristics related to social networking use. Over the last ten years, social media has become an integral facet of modern society. We pro-pose a novel mathematical model, the Hawkes Intensity Pro- In this study, an exploratory factor analysis of this scale showed a one-factor solution that explained 51.2% of the total variance, with high factor loadings ranging from 0.64 to 0.77. In contrast, the EFUI presented slightly stronger correlations with Internet addiction (Pearson r = 0.23, p<0.001) as compared to that of the SFUI (Pearson r = 0.18, p<0.001) (Table 4). Besides, Pearson correlation coefficients among SNAIS/subscales, emotional connection to social networking, social networking addiction, and Internet addiction were derived. Facebook). Funding: This study was supported by the Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care research Postgraduate Students’ research Grants and CUHK research Postgraduate Student Grants for Overseas Academic Activities in the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and the study was also partially supported by National Science Foundation of China(No. messaging with friends, posting comments, status updating). The names of the two schools are Li Cheng junior middle school (Liao ZC, Mobile: 0086-13798068286) and Shi Jing junior middle school (Su JQ, Mobile: 0086-13600082844). Includes free, interactive social media checklist.. + 1 646 712 9441 Client Login Contact Us Alerts / Search. Jenkins-Guarnieri, Wright, and Johnson (2013) suggested another scale, the Social Media Use Integration Scale … [31,32] In our sample, the exploratory factor analysis revealed a one-factor solution for this scale, explaining 37.8% of the total variance, and the factor loadings ranged from 0.46 to 0.69. Ellison, N.B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (in press). The test-retest findings demonstrated that the SNAIS and its two subscales were stable over time. It also measures emotional connectedness to the social networking site. Interviewer Reliability Qualifications Review How SIS training enhances staff knowledge, confidence, and more Safeguarding your investment: Guidelines for selecting trainers for the Supports Intensity Scale Tips on Enhancing a SIS Interview Reliability. here. The standardized path estimates were above 0.48 (ranged from 0.48~0.76) (Table 2). [3] Of these “netizens”, 48.8% were social media users, while 28.8% of the social media users were between 10–19 years old (2012). [2] The annual report of the China Internet Network Information Center estimated that there were 618 million Internet users, or “netizens” (45.8% of the total population) in China at the end of 2013, and a quarter (24.1%) of them were between 10–19 years old. Table 1. It is also confined to a single platform (Facebook). Higher scores indicated a higher level of emotional connection to social networking. No, PLOS is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) corporation, #C2354500, based in San Francisco, California, US, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165695, http://www.cnnic.net.cn/hlwfzyj/hlwxzbg/hlwtjbg/201403/P020140305346585959798.pdf, http://www.cnnic.net.cn/hlwfzyj/hlwxzbg/sqbg/201302/P020130219611651054576.pdf, http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED537516.pdf, http://www.cnnic.cn/hlwfzyj/hlwxzbg/sqbg/201209/P020120903424883977032.pdf, http://datagzstatsgovcn/gzStat1/chaxun/njsjjsp. For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click Coronavirus has uncovered the intensity of social networks. Second, although some specific scales assessed intensity of online social networking use, [17–19] they tended to focus only on a single online social networking platform (e.g. In sum, the study developed and evaluated an instrument for assessing extensive functions of social networking use intensity. [1] Over 70% of the teenagers in the U.S. are users of social media. 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